Prossimi seminari del Dipartimento di Matematica

Federated Learning (FL) [1] trains a shared model across a population of clients that never expose their local data, replacing centralized empirical risk minimization with distributed optimization over heterogeneous, non-IID sources. The difficulty is mathematical rather than computational: the federation's behavior is governed by the structure of interactions among clients, since conflicting update directions, latent sub-populations, and adversarial or faulty participants emerge from how local data distributions relate. This talk reads these phenomena off the geometry and spectral content of client data. Interactions and clustering. I first introduce FedGWC [3], encoding pairwise client similarity in an interaction matrix built by applying a Gaussian reward to clients' empirical-loss processes. Clustering becomes the analysis of an interacting system, where clients act as particles whose mutual affinities induce homogeneous coalitions. We prove convergence of the Gaussian-weight estimators and introduce the Wasserstein Adjusted Score for cluster cohesion under class imbalance. From detection to clustering. The second part builds on the Wavelet Scattering Transform (WST) [2], a non-expansive, deformation-stable representation summarizing each client by a privacy-preserving spectral embedding computed locally before training. Waffle [4] is a supervised offline detector flagging malicious clients from these embeddings; removing the need for attack labels leads to WASA [5], an unsupervised denoising-autoencoder variant scoring deviations from a learned benign manifold and selecting clients via a Boltzmann-Gibbs sampling rule. Towards zero-shot clustering. I close with ongoing work on zero-shot clustered FL, where cluster assignment is computed offline from a client's spectral signature, with provable guarantees and no additional communication. References: [1] B. McMahan, E. Moore, D. Ramage, S. Hampson, B. Aguera y Arcas. Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data. AISTATS, PMLR 54:1273-1282, 2017. [2] S. Mallat. Group Invariant Scattering. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics, 65(10):1331-1398, 2012. [3] A. Licciardi, D. Leo, E. Fani, B. Caputo, M. Ciccone. Interaction-Aware Gaussian Weighting for Clustered Federated Learning. Proc. 42nd Int. Conf. on Machine Learning (ICML), PMLR 267:37642-37666, 2025. [4] A. Licciardi, D. Leo, D. Carbone. Wavelet Scattering Transform and Fourier Representation for Offline Detection of Malicious Clients in Federated Learning. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2026. doi:10.1109/JIOT.2026.3671698. [5] A. Licciardi. WASA: Wavelet Scattering Autoencoders for Unsupervised Offline Detection of Malicious Clients in Federated Learning. Accepted, IEEE Int. Conf. on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS), 2026.