Archivio 2009 76 seminari

Abstract: Simulation of the motion of an incompressible fluid remains an important and very challenging computational problem. The resources required for accurate modelling of three-dimensional flow test even the most ad- vanced computer hardware. Mixed finite element approximation of the underlying PDEs leads to symmetric indefinite or unsymmetric indefinite linear systems of equa- tions. In the talk we will review a generic block preconditioning strategy which have the property that the eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrices are contained in intervals that are bounded independently of the mesh size. Although the strategy is well established (original papers by Rusten & Winther, Silvester & Wathen, and Elman & Silvester appeared in the early 1990’s) there have been some important and exciting developments in the last couple of years. Two such developments are discussed in this talk. First, we will present numerical results showing the effectiveness of an algebraic multigrid implementation of our preconditioning strategy when modelling ground-water flow in porous media that exhibit random spatial variability [1]. Second, we will discuss improvements to the “textbook” methodology, see [2,chap. 8], in the context of solving steady flow problems modelled by the Navier-Stokes equations. References [1] Oliver Ernst, Catherine Powell, David Silvester, and Elisabeth Ullmann. Efficient solvers for a linear stochastic Galerkin mixed formulation of diffusion problems with random data. SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 31:1424–1447, 2009. [2] Howard Elman, David Silvester, and Andy Wathen. Finite Elements and Fast Iterative Solvers: with Applications in Incompressible Fluid Dynamics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005. xiv+400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-852868-5; 0-19-852868-X.
I will give a survey of some of the exciting progress in the classical theory of surfaces M in 3-manifolds with constant mean curvature H greater than or equal to zero; we call such a surface an H-surface. The talk will cover the following topics: 1. The classification of properly embedded genus 0 minimal surfaces in R^3. (joint with Perez and Ros) 2. The theorem that for any c>0, there exists a constant K=K(c) such that for H>c, and any compact embedded H-disk D in R^3 (joint with Tinaglia): (a) the radius of D is less than K. (b) the norm of the second fundamental form of D is less than K for any points of D of intrinsic distance at least c from the the boundary of D is less than K. (c) item 2(b) works for any compact embedded H-disk (H>c) in any complete homogeneous 3-manifold with absolute sectional curvature less than 1 for the same K. 3 For c>0, there exists a constant K such that for any complete embedded H-surface M with injectivity radius greater than c>0 in a Riemannian 3-manifold with absolute sectional curvature <1 has the norm of its second fundamental form less than K. (joint with Tinaglia) (a) Complete embedded finite topology H-surfaces in R^3 have positive injectivity radius and are properly embedded with bounded curvature. (b) Complete embedded simply connected H-surfaces in R^3 are spheres, planes and helicoids; complete embedded H-annuli are catenoids and Delaunay surfaces. (c) Complete embedded simply-connected and annular H-surfaces in H^3 with H less than or equal to 1 are spheres and horospheres, catenoids and Hsiang surfaces of revolution; the key fact here is that complete + connected implies proper. 3. Classification of the conformal structure and asymptotic behavior of complete injective H-annuli f:S^1 x [0,1)--->R^3; there is a 2-parameter family of different structures for H=0. (joint with Perez when H=0) 4. Solution of the classical proper Calabi-Yau problem for arbitrary topology (even with disjoint limit sets for distinct ends!!). (joint with Ferrer and Martin)
Lo spazio $M(alpha)$ dei moduli dei poligoni `e un esempio ampiamente studiato di riduzione simplettica che si pu`o descrivere come la riduzione relativa all'azione diagonale del gruppo SO(3) sul prodotto di $n$ sfere di raggi rispettivamente $alpha_1, ldots, alpha_n,$ o, analogamente, come il quoziente relativo all'azione del gruppo $K= SU(2) times U(1)^n$ su $C^{2n}$. Lo spazio degli iperpoligoni $X(alpha)$ `e il quoziente iperk"ahler relativo all'azione del gruppo $K$ sul fibrato cotangente $T^* C^{2n}$ ed 'e l'analogo iperk"ahler dello spazio dei poligoni $M(alpha).$ In entrambi i casi il vettore $alpha in R^n_+$ caratterizza l'insieme di livello di cui si considera il quoziente. In questo seminario si analizzer`a il comportamento degli spazi $M(alpha) $ e $X(alpha) $ quando il vettore delle lunghezze $alpha$ supera un muro nel politopo momento. Mostreremo inoltre che lo spazio degli iperpoligoni 'e isomorfo allo spazio dei moduli $mathcal H(alpha)$ di fibrati di Higgs parabolici (con opportune restrizioni). Una prima applicazione di questo risultato `e la descrizione esplicita del comportamento di $X(alpha) $ quando $alpha$ supera un muro: il problema `e stato infatti risolto da Thaddeus nel caso di spazi di fibrati di Higgs parabolici, dove il cambiamento al variare dei pesi parabolici `e descritto da una trasformazione (detta elementare o di Mukai) che generalizza un flip. L'isomorfismo tra $X(alpha)$ e $mathcal H(alpha)$ permette di trasportare il risultato di Thaddeus allo spazio di iperpoligoni. Il seminario `e basato su un lavoro (in corso) con Leonor Godinho